Knowledge Of Mother Regarding Growth and Development of toddlers
BACKGROUND
“WHO TAKES THE CHILD BY THE HAND,
TAKES THE MOTHER BY THE HEART” (Alran, 2000)
As plant needs soil and
water to grow up, in the same aspect wellness means more than absence of
disease. It is the positive approach to well being. Integrated method of
functioning which is oriented towards maximizing the potential of which the
individual is capable within the environment where he is functioning. (Dunn,
1977)
The experimental study
was done on average growth of toddler model and the aim of this study was to
determine the rate at which toddler models increase in both height and weight.
The period of study was 8 days. Study was conducted in 700 children age group
between 3-5 years. The study suggests that there is delay in growth of children
due to avoidance and lack of attention of parents. (Shore, 1997)
The experimental study
done on toddler percentile and the aim was to study toddler is growing in
relation to national averages of the same age and sex. Study conducted in
children age group 1-5 years (n=780) in 10 days period of time study stated
that graph on pages shows delay in growth and development as normally it should
be. (Mosier, 1993)
The survey conducted in
2002. Nature of study was exploratory and the aim of study was to determine
risk factors for growth and development. The study concludes that there was
effect of antenatal history of mother on growth and development of child. ( Rafiu,
2002)
Similarly the descriptive
study done on need for child care, the aim was to find out facilities for
infants and fine centre for children 1-3 years and older on sample size 890,
she found that toddler was developmental centered. (Sanchez, 1992)
Another descriptive study
was done on several reasons why caregiver and parents need to assess the
development of new children. The aim of the study was to determine ratio among
care givers regarding assessing growth and development of young children. The
study conducted on parents and care givers (n=1000) it conclude that most of
the care givers have avoidance in caring for younger children. (Jady ,2002)
Children who have
developmental disabilities that are suspected to results from exposed to an
environmental agent should undergo complete evaluation include detailed
history, physical examination and diagnostic work-up as:
-
birth history
-
early developmental milestones
-
neurodevelopment (heran, 2004)
Above studies
suggest that parents and caregivers have inadequate knowledge regarding growth
and development of toddlers.
NEED OF STUDY
Toddlers are
busy in active learning about concept such as size and shape.
The
explorative study done on toddler’s growth the aim was to find out ratio among
toddlers related to increase in size, shape, number, classification, comparison
and volume. The study conducted in 780 children, conclude that there were delay
in growth and development in toddler. (Charksworth, 2003)
As toddler
move about and work with many things in their everyday environment. They learn
about the properties of objects in meaningful ways.
Similarly,
another study was conducted by on observation in a tribal village in India
The
descriptive study was done on sensitive age group which responsible for environmental
risk factors. The aim of study was to determine evidence that the fetus and
young children are particularly vulnerable to environmental influence on sample
size 600 children in 8 days period of time. It stated that environmental
factors affect on toddler growth and development. (Edward, 2001)
Families of
children who have developmental disorder often have preconceived opinion about
its cause and about what measures will improve their child’s condition.
The
international child growth standards for infants and young children confirm
that children born anywhere in the world and given the optimum start in the
life have the potential to develop to within the same range of height and
weight (WHO, 2006).
Similarly
the descriptive study was done on awareness of parents regarding needs of
children in response to psychosocial development, the aim of the study was to
search and find out ratio among parents regarding psychosocial development in
children. The study conducted in 1020 children. It concluded that parents are
unaware regarding psychosocial development. (Shaw, 2003)
This is the time when toddler needs adult support and
assistance for supporting their learning as well as building their confidence.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A study to assess the
knowledge regarding growth and development of toddlers among mothers visiting
in Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study is:-
To assess
the knowledge regarding growth and development of toddlers.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
KNOWLEDGE
According to Oxford
In this study it
means awareness among mothers regarding growth and development in toddlers.
ASSESS
According to Oxford
In this study it
means to evaluate knowledge among mothers regarding growth and development in
toddlers.
GROWTH
According to O.P. Ghai
growth means progressive development or increase in size of child.
In this study the growth
and development in toddler.
DEVELOPMENT
According to O.P.
Ghai development means growth to full size maturity as in progress of an egg to
the adolescent.
In this study growth
and development in toddler.
TODDLER
According to O.P. Ghai
toddler means a child who has only recently learned to walk.
In this study toddler is 1-3 year child.
MOTHER
According to Taber’s
cyclopedia medical dictionary mother means a female parent or a structure that
gives rise to mother.
In this study mother is the
parent of the toddler.
ASSUMPTION
In this study it
was assumed that:
1. The mothers had inadequate knowledge about
growth and development.
2.
Selected variables like age,
sex, education, occupation, income of mothers were influenced knowledge among
mothers regarding growth and development in toddlers.
INCLUSION CRITERIA
The study included all the mothers
visiting Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
The study excluded those who are those who are not having children
in age group in the age group 1-3 years of age and those who are not willing to
participate.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Review of literature
is defined as broad comprehensive, in depth, systematic and critical review of
scholarly publications, unpublished scholarly print materials, audio-visual
materials and personal communication. (B.T. Basavanthappa)
Review of literature
for the present study is organized under following headings
·
Review of literature related to
growth and development of toddler.
·
Review of literature related to
assessment of knowledge of mother.
REVIEW OF
LITERATURE RELATED TO GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TODDLER
This study considered
as major issue affecting a child’s growth and development. By various
researchers it is proved on different focused header as in different variable
and sample size.
A cross sectional study
done to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers regarding
parenting of children less than 3 years of age was conducted with 120 mothers
from both rural and urban areas of South India. Mothers were interviewed in
their homes using a structured questionnaire. (Thomas, 2007)
The nutritional status of their
children was assessed to assess their children's nutritional status, and the
Thiruvananthapuram Development Screening Chart [TDSC] was used to assess the
children's development. The majority of mothers had moderately adequate knowledge
regarding parenting. The mother's level of education had a significant
association (p < 0.05) with their practice and attitude. The study brought
out the association between sociodemographic variables and knowledge, attitude,
and practice of mothers and its impact on growth and development of their
children. Results provide direction for nurses in developing better life style
education and parenting. (Ahai, 2005)
The study conducted to longitudinally
assess observations of maternal and toddler limit-setting interactions at 12,
24, and 36 months. The final sample consisted of 126 mother-toddler dyads.
Toddler behavior in a limit-setting context exemplified progressing skill in
self-regulation from 12 to
36 months. Specifically, toddlers exhibited less persistence, increasing
autonomy, and increasing ability to inhibit their behavior, with half of the
toddlers classified as "autonomous-compliant" by 36 months of age. As
a group, mothers also adapted their socializing behavior during toddler hood,
decreasing their use of directive structure and distractions, and using more
cognitive strategies. These findings provide validity for the Prohibition
Coding Scheme and extend our knowledge base for guiding parents in their
socializing strategies relative to developing self-regulation. Clinical
implications and areas for further research are addressed. (Houck,
2002)
A study was done on Sample size was
126 mother-toddler dyads; the relationships between maternal limit-setting
patterns at 12, 24, and 36 months were examined in relation to toddler
self-concept and social competence at 3 years. Maternal limit-setting patterns
differentiated toddler self-concept and social competence scores, demonstrating
effects of socialization as well as cognitive maturation. Less optimal toddler
outcomes at 36 months were associated with an inconsistent maternal
limit-setting style and an indirect style. Children of mothers with a
teaching-based pattern yielded the most positive outcomes. The result was
Toddler Snack Scale (TSS) assesses the pattern of toddler social behaviors in
relation to maternal behaviors during an eating episode. (Maus, 2002)
Scale reliability was examined with a
sample of 126 dyads at the child's ages of 36 months. Significant associations
were found between TSS classifications and concurrent measures assessed with
the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), the Control-Autonomy
Balance Scale (CABS), and the Adaptive Social Behavioral Inventory (ASBI). The
scale identifies salient areas for parent-child assessment and intervention
throughout infancy and toddler hood. The purpose of this study was to examine
what aspects of the mother-child relationship are measured by the Nursing Child
Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS) (Spegman, 2005)
A study done on racially
heterogeneous sample of 128 mothers completed questionnaires measuring maternal
depression, parenting self-efficacy, knowledge of developmental and parenting
principles, and perceived difficult toddler temperament. The findings suggest
that the NCATS taps cognitive the mother-child relationship and the cognitive
factors may be culturally biased. (Gross, 2003)
Another
study was done to investigate African-American and Hispanic mothers'
perceptions of their children's body size using a scale with child figure
silhouettes and compare those perceptions with their children's actual body
mass index. Method used was a set of child figure silhouettes was developed
depicting 4 and 5 year-old African-American and Hispanic children. Body mass
index was systematically estimated for each child figure on the set of
silhouettes. Minority mothers with children enrolled in ten Head Start centers
(n=192) were interviewed using the silhouettes, and height and weight measurements
were taken on their children. Result was significant differences were found
between mothers' perceptions of their children's body size and the actual body
size of the children. However, half of the mothers of children above the 95th
percentile for BMI wanted their children to be thinner. Conclusion was that
minority mothers' perceptions of their children's body size may not be consistently
biased in one direction. (Killon, 2006)
REVIEW OF
LITERATURE RELATED TO ASSSESMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHER:
The
study was done to quantify mother’s perceptions of their children's sizes and
explore mother’s views of child growth, diet, activity, and health. Photographs
of children from the Berkeley Longitudinal Growth Study (on Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention [CDC] Web site) were used to stimulate discussion with mothers
about child sizes. A descriptive, cross-sectional study examined mother’s
perceptions of their children's size and their beliefs about child size,
growth, and health. The convenience sample included 25 mother-child dyads of
3-year-old children at two Head Start Centers in a county on the Texas-Mexico
border. All mothers self-identified as Hispanic. Photographs of children were shown to elicit
mother’s perceptions of children's body sizes. The children and mothers were
weighed and measured and their body mass indices (BMIs) were computed. The
mothers were interviewed about their beliefs on child health, growth, and
feeding. Result was that no congruence was found between mothers' perceptions
of child sizes in the pictures and their children's sizes. Conclusion was that
using CDC photographs does not appear to be a useful way to educate mothers
about child body sizes. A child who is happy, active, and can accomplish normal
childhood activities is not considered by mothers as overweight, regardless of
the child's BMI. (Reifsnider, 2006)
This
study examined how low-income mothers of children with growth delay define
health for their children, and the behaviors they use to monitor their children's
health. Naturalistic design using
Kleinman's Explanatory Model approach and interviews with 22 mothers. Result
was that mothers consider nutritious food as a primary contributor to their
children's health and consider healthy children to be chubby. Other indicators
of health include children's energy levels, provision of nutritious food, and
physical and mental activity balanced with rest. (Esral, 2000)
Similarly
another study done on Eating problems are a common cause of concern for the
parents of toddlers, but few studies have examined the correlates of eating
problems or the growth patterns associated with them in a large
population-based sample. Our goal was to examine the distribution of eating
behaviors in a large representative sample of toddlers and their mother’s
approach to feeding. In addition, we describe the prevalence of parentally
perceived eating problems and how they relate to specific behaviors, food
preferences, and growth in the child. Method used was cross-sectional analysis
of data from a United
Kingdom
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology of research indicates general pattern for organizing the
procedure for gathering valid and reliable data for an investigation.
This chapter deals
with methodology adopted for assessing the knowledge regarding growth and
development of toddler among mother visiting pad. Dr. D.Y.Patil hospital. It
includes description, sample and technique, development of tool and data
analysis.
RESEARCH APPROACH
It is a systematic
objective, method of discovering with empirical evidence and rigorous control.
The present study was
aimed at assessing the knowledge of mother regarding growth and development of
toddler. This approach would help the investigator to evaluate the knowledge among
mother regarding growth and development in toddler.
The research method
adopted was a descriptive approach.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The
research design is backbone of the structure of the study. It provides
framework that supports the study and hold it together. In present study, the
investigator selected to assess the knowledge of mother regarding growth and
development in toddler visiting Pad. Dr. D.Y.Patil hospital.
RESEARCH SETTING
It is location for conducting research, can be
natural partially controlled or highly controlled.
In this
study, the research setting was D.Y.Patil
Hospital
POPULATION
A population is a
group whose members possess specific attribute
that one researcher is integrated in studying.
The
populations in this study were mothers having toddlers visited Pad.Dr.D.Y.Patil
hospital.
SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
According to Talbot sample is portion of
sample that has been selected to represents the population of interest.
Convenient sampling of nonprobablity sampling approach uses participants who
are easily accessible to the researcher and who meets the criteria of the
study.
According to basvanthappa sampling is one
process of selecting representative units of population for study in research.
In
this present study mothers who having toddlers were selected by convenient
sampling.
SAMPLE SIZE
The sample
comprise of 100 mothers having toddlers visiting Pad. Dr. D. Y. Patil hospital .
DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUE AND INSTRUMENTS
Most important
and crucial aspects of any research is data collection which provides answer to
the question under study. Data collection relies on instruments.
In the present study a structured
questionnaire on knowledge regarding growth and development among mother
having toddlers was prepared.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TOOL
·
Review of research and non-research
literature was used.
·
Opinion and suggestion was
taken from experts who will help in determining the important area to be
included.
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUE:
A
structured questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge among mothers
regarding growth and development in toddler.
DESCRIPTION OF TOOL
Section I: - consists of 5 items on demographic data
including age, education, occupation, number of children, monthly income. .
Section II: - consists of 20 items related to growth and
development in toddler on following area.
Meaning, Factors affecting in growth and development, Physical
growths, Sensory and motor skills
PILOT STUDY
A
pilot study was conducted on sample size 10 to assess the feasibility and
appropriateness of the tool in Bhosari
Hospital
DATA COLLECTION
Official permission was taken from the Medical Superintendent and
the Head of the department of each ward from Pad. Dr. D. Y. Patil hospital. The
list of patient’s mother from hospital was taken and samples were selected by
convenient sampling method.
DATA ANALYSIS
- The analysis was planned to include descriptive statistics.
- The items in demographic data variables were computed in terms of frequency
and percentage.
·
The frequency has diagrams were
plotted in standard deviation and calculated.
DATA DISSEMINATION
The completed research project will be displayed in the college
library for further reference.
CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter deals with organizational and analysis
of data its interpretation. The data collected was analyzed as per objectives
of the study. The analysis is described in
following two sections.
SECTION I DEMOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS OF SAMPLE
The demographic characteristics of study were age, education
occupation; number of children and monthly income are presented in table 1.
In this study, 20% mothers are in age group of 20-24 years, 48%
mothers are in age group of 24-28 years and 32% mothers are in age group of
28-32 years.
In this study 45% mothers are primary educated, 25% mothers are educated
up to 10th standard, 20% of them are educated up to 12th
standard, and 10% of them are educated up to graduation.
In this study, majority of mothers i.e. 85% are housewives, 10% are
office worker, 5% are self employed
In overall study population 20% of mothers having 1 child, 50% of
mothers having 2 children and 30% of mothers having 3 children.
In this study 35% of mothers having their monthly income up to Rs.
2000, 30% of mothers have Rs. 3000 and 10% of mothers have Rs. 5000.
SECTION II DESCRIPTION OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING various aspects of growth
and development
Knowledge score of mothers are described in table 2.
In this study, 60.02% of mothers had knowledge about meaning of
growth and development, 70.69% mothers
had knowledge about factors affecting growth and development ,30.69% mothers
had knowledge about physical growth and 28.57% mothers had knowledge about
sensory and motor skills.
TABLE 1
Frequency
and percentage of mothers according to demographic
variables.
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES
|
FREQUENCY
|
PERCENTAGE
|
AGE IN YEARS
|
||
20-24 year
|
20
|
20%
|
24-28 year
|
48
|
48%
|
28-32 year
|
32
|
32%
|
EDUCATION
|
||
<10TH
|
45
|
45%
|
10TH
|
25
|
25%
|
12TH
|
20
|
20%
|
Graduate
|
10
|
10%
|
OCCUPATION
|
||
House wife
|
85
|
85%
|
Office worker
|
10
|
10%
|
Farmer
|
5
|
5%
|
NO. OF CHILDREN
|
||
1
|
20
|
20%
|
2
|
50
|
50%
|
3
|
30
|
30%
|
INCOME/MONTH
|
||
Upto2000
|
35
|
35
|
2000-3000
|
30
|
30
|
3000-5000
|
25
|
25
|
5000 and above
|
10
|
10
|
TABLE 2
Frequency and percentage of
knowledge of mothers according to various aspects of growth and development.
ASPECTS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
|
PERCENTAGE
(%)
|
Meaning
|
60.02
|
Factors affecting growth and
development
|
70.69
|
Physical growth
|
30.69
|
Sensory and motor skills
|
28.57
|
FIGURES
Percentage
of mothers according to demographic variables:
Figure 1.1 Bar diagram showing percentage of mothers with respect to age
Figure1.2 Bar diagram showing percentage of mothers with respect to education.
Figure
1.3 Bar diagram showing percentage of mothers with respect to occupation.
Figure 1.4 Bar diagram showing percentage of mothers with respect to
No. of children.
Figure 1.5 Bar diagram
showing percentage of mothers with respect to income/month
 |
FIGURE
Percentage
of knowledge with respect to various aspects of growth and development
Figure 2 Bar diagram
showing percentage of knowledge with
respect to various aspects of growth and development.
CHAPTER V
FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, NURSING
IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents
findings and conclusion of this study. It also includes recommendations given
by the investigator on the basis of findings of the study.
FINDINGS
The study consisted of 100 mothers in age
group of 20-32 years of age. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
In this study, 20% mothers are in age group of 20-24 years, 48%
mothers are in age group of 24-28 years and 32% mothers are in age group of
28-32 years.
In this study 45% mothers are primary educated, 25% mothers are educated
up to 10th standard, 20% of them are educated up to 12th
standard, and 10% of them are educated up to graduation.
In this study, majority of mothers i.e. 85% are housewives, 10% are
office worker, 5% are self employed
In overall study population 20% of mothers having 1 child, 50% of mothers
having 2 children and 30% of mothers having 3 children.
In this study 35% of mothers having their monthly income up to Rs.
2000, 30% of mothers have Rs. 3000 and 10% of mothers have Rs. 5000.
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
In this study, 60.02% of mothers had knowledge about meaning of
growth and development, 70.69% mothers had knowledge about factors affecting
growth and development ,30.69% mothers had knowledge about physical growth and
28.57% mothers had knowledge about sensory and motor skills
CONCLUSION
This study shows that people don’t have
adequate knowledge about growth and development in toddlers and there is need
for educating people regarding it so that the child can become healthy. It also
showed that people who were educated had more knowledge as compared to those
who were less educated.
IMPLICATION
The findings of the study have implication for nursing practice,
education, administration and research.
NURSING PRACTICE:
Nursing is a
process of action, reaction; interaction and transaction where by nurses assist
individuals of any group to meet their basic needs in coping with their health
status at some particular point in their life cycle. Nurses are responsible and
accountable for professional behavior. It involves application of the nursing
process and co-operation with appropriate concerning authorities within current
legislation it affects the practice of nursing. Based upon the policies of the
hospital nursing care is provided. So nursing practice should assure that all
mothers have adequate knowledge regarding growth and development in toddler.
NURSING
EDUCATION:
Nursing
education should include various sessions, programmes, seminars based on growth
and development should be conducted for mothers having toddlers as it may add
knowledge and it will help in prevention of delay in growth and development of
toddler.
NURSING
ADMINISTRATION
Nurse
dealing with mothers having toddlers to be well versed with growth and
development of toddler. Nurse plays an important role in education of mothers.
As an administrator, nurse should motivate her staff to participate in health
education, preparation of Audiovisual aids and displaying it in the ward. Nursing
as a profession is unique because it addresses the response of individuals and
families to actual or potential problems in a humanistic and holistic manner.
Nurses have many roles, such as care giver, decision makers, advocates and
teacher. Because of the diversity of nursing role, nurses need a philosophy of
nursing to guide their practices.
NURSING
RESEARCH
Nursing
research is an essential aspect of nursing as it uplifts the profession and
develops new nursing norms and a body of knowledge. Also proper practice by
mothers to possess a wide array for prevention of growth and development in
toddler.
Research is systemic search for answers to questions
about facts and relationship
between facts. So there
is a strong indication that every nurse should be involved in
research
RECOMMENDATIONS
- A study to assess knowledge of mother regarding growth and development in toddler can be done on large sample.
- A comparative study to assess knowledge of mother regarding growth and development in toddler in urban and rural community.
- A study to assess effect of planned health teaching on knowledge regarding growth and development in toddler among mothers.
- A Study to assess the effect of information booklet regarding growth and development in toddler among mothers.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXTBOOK
- Achar’s Textbook of Pediatrics 1999, Orient Longman Publication, 3rd edition, pp-640-645.
- Ghai O.P., Essential Pediatrics, 7th
Edition, CBS Publications,
- Juneball, Buth Bindler, Textbook of Pediatrics Nursing, 1995, Prentice Hall Publication, pp.98-102.
- Marlow D.R., Textbook of Pediatrics Nursing, Churchill Livingstone Publication, 6TH Edition, pp.430-433.
- Nelson’s Textbook of Pediatrics, 17th edition, Behran Publication, pp.147-149.
JOURNALS
- Journal of Children’s Health and Environment Part-1, Feb.2007, 54:1.
- Journal of Pediatrics, June 2007,
Official Journal of the American
- Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol.8.
- Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Oct.2007, Vol.74.
- Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Oct.2007, Vol.53.
INTERNET
- www.childcare.com
- www.medmatrix.org.
- www.emedicine.com
- www.biowizard.com
- www.nabi/minin.gov/entrez/quetry.com
- www.yourtotalhealth.ivillage.com
laerhi=
eh
----------------------------------------------------------------- ;k i=kn~okjs ßMkW- Mh- ok;- ikVhy :X.kky;krhy 1&3
o;ksxVkrhy eqYks vl.kk&;k ok< o fodklkcn~ny vl.kkjh ekfgrhÞ ;k
ukokus djhr vlysY;k vH;klkr Hkkx ?ks.;kph laerh nsr vkgs- eyk ;k vH;klkfo”k;h
ekfgrh fnyh xsyh vlwu ;kr Hkkx ?ks.;kph ek>h bPNk vkgs-
rkjh[k % @12@2007 lgh
¼uko & -------------------½
CONSENT FORM
I _______________________ hereby give my
consent for my participation in the study titled “A study to assess the
knowledge regarding growth and development of toddlers among mothers visiting
Pad. Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital.”
I
have been explained about this study and I am willing to participate.
Date: /12/07
Signature
Name-
iz’ukoyh
Lkwpuk%&
1½ d`i;k [kkyh fnysY;k
iz’ukaph ekfgrh |k-
2½ vki.k fnysyh ekfgrh
xqIr Bso.;kr ;sbZy-
3½ rqEgkyk cjkscj okV.kk&;k
mRRkjkHkksorh xksy ¼mnk-
d ] v ½] v’kh
[kq.k djk-
4½ dks.krkgh iz’u lksMw
udk-
Hkkx
& 1
oS;fDrd
ekfgrh
dksM uacj %
1½ o; %------------------------------------
2½ f’k{k.k %--------------------------------
3½ rqEgkyk fdrh eqys vkgsr\---------
4½ dqVqackps efgU;kps mRiUu %-----------
5½ O;olk; %---------------------------------
6½ rqEgkyk 1&3 o;ksxVkrhy eqYkkaP;k ok< o fodklkcn~ny dkgh ekfgrh
vkgs dk\
v½ gks c½ ukgh
7½ tj ekfgrh vlsy rj rh dksBwu feGkyh\ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hkkx
& 2
1½ ok< Eg.kts dk; \
v½ gkMkpk vkdkj ok<.ks
c½ QDr otukr ok<
gks.ks-
d½ ‘kjhjkrhy is’kh o
‘kjhjkP;k vkdkjkr ok< gks.ks
M½ QDr maphr ok< gks.ks-
2½ 1&3 ;k o;ksxVkrhy eqyke/;s ok< o fodkl eanko.;koj dks.kR;k
?kVdkpk ifj.kke gksrks\
v½ xfjch c½
vuqoaf’kdrk
d½ okjaokj xjksnji.kk M½
ojhyiSdh loZ dkj.ks
3½ 1&3 ;k o;ksxVkrhy eqyke/;s ok< o fodkl eanko.;ke/;s xjksnji.kh
?;ko;kP;k dkGthpk ifj.kke gksrks dk\
v½ gks; c½
ukgh
d½ ekfgr ukgh M½
[kk=h ukgh
4½ ok< o fodkl eanko.ks Eg.ktsp vls letys tkrs dh-------
v½ otukr mf’kjk ok<
gks.ks
c½ ewy mf’kjk cksyw ykx.ks
d½ ckGkyk dkS’kY; o fu.kZ;
?ks.;kph {kerk ;k xks”Vh mf’kjk voxr
gks.ks
M½ ojhyiSdh loZ dkj.ks
5½ 1&3 ;k o;ksxVkrhy eqykae/;s MksD;kpk tkLrhr tkLRk vkdkj dks.kR;k
dkyko/khr ok<rks\
v½ 1 o”kkZr c½ 1&2
o”kkZr
d½ 2&3 o”kkZar M½
3 o”kkZuarj
6½ 1&3 ;k o;ksxVkrhy eqys iw.kZ fnolHkjkr fdrh rkl >ksi ?ksrkr\
v½ 7&8 rkl c½ 8&9
rkl
d½ 9&10 rkl M½ 10&12rkl
7½ 18 O;k efgU;kr eqykyk [kkyhyiSdh dks.krk [ksG tkLrhr tkLr
vkoMrks\
v½ psaMw Qsd.ks c½ dksMs
lksMo.ks
d½ lk;dy pkyo.ks M½
yikNqih [ksG.ks
8½ ygku eqykae/;s nw/kkps nkr dks.kR;k o;kr ;srkr\
v½ ngkO;k efgU;kr c½ ,dk o”kkZr
d½ vMhp o”kkZr M½
rhu o”kkZr
9½ 1&3 ;k o;ksxVkrhy eqy dks.kR;k o;kr ik;&;k p<w o mr: ‘kdrs\
v½ 1 o”kkZr c½
2 o”kkZr
d½ 3 o”kkZr M½ 3 o”kkZuarj
10½ 3 o”kkZps ewy ------------------- cksyk;yk f’kdrs-
v½ ,d v{kj c½ ,d ‘kCn
d½ ,d okD; M½
xks”V
11½ ewy dks.kR;k o;ke/;s ik;kP;k Vkpkaoj pkyk;yk f’kdrs\
v½ 1 o”kkZr c½
1&2o”kkZr
d½ 2&3 o”kkZr M½
3 o”kkZuarj
12½ ,dk o”kkZP;k eqykae/;s fdrh nkr vlrkr\
v½ 1&4 c½
6&10
d½ 10&12 M½
12&14
13½ 18 efgU;kps ewy [kkyhyiSdh fdrh v{kjs cksyw ‘kdrs\
v½ 4 v{kjs c½ 10 v{kjs
d½ 18 v{kjs M½ 50 v{kjs
14½ ,dk o”kkZps ewy [kkyhyiSdh dks.krh xks”V d: ‘kdr ukgh\
v½ vk/kkjkf’kok; clw ‘kdr
ukgh
c½ Lor% mHks jkg.;kpk
iz;Ru d: ‘kdr ukgh
d½ vk/kkjkus pkyw ‘kdr
ukgh
M½ /kkow ‘kdr ukgh
15½ ,dk o”kkZP;k eqykps otu gs lk/kkj.k fdrh vlrs\
v½ tUekP;k fueiV c½ tUekP;k nqIiV
d½ tUekP;k frIIkV M½ tUekP;k pkSiV
16½ rhu o”kkZps ewy [kkyhyiSdh dks.krh fØ;k d: ‘kdr ukgh\
v½ ,d iw.kZ okD; cksyw
‘kdr ukgh
c½ Ikkp ik;&;kao:u mM;k ek:
‘kdr ukgh
d½ orqZG dk<w ‘kdr ukgh
M½ ik;&;k p<w ‘kdr
ukgh
17½ ck&ck fdaok ek&ek ;klkj[ks ‘kCn ewy dks.kR;k o;kr cksyk;yk
f’kdrs\
v½ 6 efgU;kr c½ 12
efgU;kr
d½ 18 efgU;kr M½
24 efgU;kr
18½ ygku ewy dks.kR;k o;ke/;s R;kP;k eyew= foltZu fØ;soj fu;a=.k Bsow
‘kdrs\
v½ nksu o”kkZr c½ vMhp o”kkZr
d½ rhu o”kkZr M½
lkMsrhu o”kkZr
19½ 2 o”kkZps ewy [kkyhyiSdh dks.krh xks”V pkaxY;k izdkjs d: ‘kdrs\
v½ pepk uhV idMw ‘kdrs- c½ psaMw Qsdw ‘kdrs-
d½ ,dk ik;kus yaxMh [ksGw
‘kdrs M½ × vls fpUg cuow ‘kdrs-
20½ ewy dYiuke; fopkj ----------------------- ;k o;ke/;s d: ‘kdrs-
v½ 3 o”kkZr c½
6 o”kkZr
d½ 9 o”kkZr M½ 12 o”kkZr
QUESTIONNAIRE
INSTRUCTIONS:-
1.
PLEASE GIVE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING.
2.
THE INFORMATION WILL BE KEPT CONFIDENTIAL.
3.
PLEASE TICK THE ANSWER YOU CONCIDER CORRECT AS @.
4.
DO NOT MISS ANY QUESTIONS.
SECTION
I
DEMOGRAPHIC
DATA
CODE NO:-
- AGE :-
- SEX :-
- EDUCATION :-
- DO YOU HAVE ANY PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGDE? IF YES FROM WHOM?
SECTION II
- What is the meaning of growth?
a) Increase in bone size b) Increase in weight
c) Increase in body size and tissue d) Increase in height only
- From the following which is the factor responsible for delay in growth and development in 1-3 year child?
a) Poverty b) Heredity c) Multiple pregnancy d) All of the above.
- Is the antenatal care responsible for delay in growth and development?
a) Yes b) No c) Don’t know d) Unsure
- Delay in growth and development can be considered as
a) Delay in weight gain b) Delay in language speaking
c) Delay in skills and judgment d) All of the above
- The maximum head size increases in toddler at the age of
a) 12 months b) 1-2 years c) 2-3 years d) Above 3years
- 1-3 year child normally take sleep in the whole day for at least
a) 7-8 hours b) 8-9 hours c) 9-10 hours d) 10-12 hours
- From the following which game does 18 months old child likes to play?
a) Throwing a ball b) Solve the puzzle
c) Bicycle riding d) Hide and seek
- In toddler primary teeth emerged at the age of
a) 10 months b) 1 year c) 2 ½ years d) 4 years
- 1-3 year child can walk-up and down the stairs by the age of
a) 1 year b) 2 years c) 3 years d) Above 3 years
- Child learn to speak____ at the age of 3 years
a) Monosyllabus b) Bisyllabus c) A sentence d) A story
- A child learn to walk on tip of toes by the age of
a) 1 year b) 1-2 years c) 2-3 years d) Above 3 years
- The number of teeth present in 1 year old child
a) 1-4 b) 6-10 c) 10-12 d) 12-14
- 18 months old child has vocabulary of ____
a) 4 words b) 10 words c) 18 words d) 50 words
- Child at 1 year can do all EXCEPT:
a) Sits up
without support b) Pulls
himself to standing position c) Walks with support d) Running
- By the age of 1 year child weighs about
a) Half of the birth weight b) Twice to that of birth weight
c) Thrice to that of birth weight d) Four times to that of birth weight
- A 3 year child can do all EXCEPT:
a) Riding the tricycle b) Copying the triangle
c) Building a tower of 9 cubes d) Knowing the age and sex
- Words like Ba-Ba or Ma-Ma is said by the age of
a) 6 months b) 12 months c) 18 months d) 24 months
- Children usually learn to control over their bowel and bladder at the age of
a) 2 years b) 2 ½ years c) 3 years d) Not sure
- A child of 2 years can do well EXCEPT.
a) Handles spoon well b) Knows the full name
c) Hop one foot d) Makes a cross
- Abstract thinking occurs at the age of
a) 3 years b) 6 years c) 9 years d) 12 years
ANSWER KEY
1
|
c
|
2
|
d
|
3
|
a
|
4
|
d
|
5
|
b
|
6
|
c
|
7
|
a
|
8
|
a
|
9
|
c
|
10
|
d
|
11
|
c
|
12
|
b
|
13
|
b
|
14
|
d
|
15
|
b
|
16
|
b
|
17
|
c
|
18
|
b
|
19
|
b
|
20
|
a
|
Comments
Post a Comment